samedi 19 janvier 2013

Ammonium nitrate chemical data and thermodynamic properties

The ammonium nitrate formula is NH4NO3. It is obtained by chemical reaction between nitric acid and ammonia : NH3 + HNO3 ------> NH4NO3
The discovery of ammonium nitrate is thanks to Hans Rudolf Glauber. It was in 1659. Nowadays, ammonium nitrate is used in agriculture as nitrogenous fertilizer. But it is used also as a component of civil or millitary explosive.
Chemical properties :
Formula                                           NH4NO3
Molecular weight                            80.05 g/mol
Density                                            1.725
Specific heat (0 °C - 31 °C)            1.7 J/g.K                     
Melting point                                  169 °C
PH (aqueous solution 0.1 M)          5.43 
Thermodynamic data :
 Enthalpy of formation of ammonium nitrate : 
N2(g) + 2H2 + 3/2 O2(l) ----------> NH4NO3 (s)                ΔH°f = 366 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of reaction of ammonium nitrate : 
NH3 (g) + HNO3 (l) -------------> NH4NO3 (s)                  ΔH°r = 146 kJ/mol

NH3 (l) + HNO3 (l) -------------> NH4NO3 (s)                  ΔH°r = 172 kJ/mol

 Enthalpy of decomposition of ammonium nitrate :
 NH4NO3 (s) ---------> 2H2O + N2 + 1/2 O2                    ΔHd = -118.04 kJ/mol

  Enthalpy of dilution of ammonium nitrate :
The ammonium nitrate dilution in water is endothermic processus. The heat of dilution in infinite solution is about 63 kcal/mol.

3 commentaires:

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  2. Ammonium Nitrate,i LOVE this blog. usefull information about Ammonium Nitrate.

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